Fields of philosophy

The deep structure of the world is mathematics. At the time it wasn’t considered as something real, but something like an abstract theory.

Aristotheles has the Ethics in its hand.

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Metaphysics

What is the nature of reality?

What are the grounds of our beliefs, the nature of our reality. Strictly connected with ontology: the things we can see and experience in life

Metaphysics on Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Epistemology

• What is knowledge?
• Do we really know anything?
• How do we know and how can we be so sure?

From the Greek episteme (science, true and real knowledge): what knowledge is, how we achieve knowledge. The conditions that knowledge can create.

• Epistemology on Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
• Gnosiology on Wikipedia

Ethics

• What is good or right?
• What makes actions or people good or right?
• Is morality objective or subjective?

Justice -> God -> Political power (see Porta della Carta in Venice)

Venice is an important city from an historical and political point of view, since at the beginning of the 16th century it was the most progressive city in the occidental culture.

Ethics on Britannica Encyclopædia

Logic

• What makes good and bad reasoning?
• What are the principles of good/valid reasoning?

Logic is interested in consistency, thus the validity of an argument, studying the reasoning, without any interest to the content.

• [[ Introduction to Logic and Philosophy of Science I#What is “logic”|What is logic? ]], from the Logic and Philosophy of Science I course
• Logic on Encyclopedia Britannica

History of Philosophy

Looking for already given answers and studying how they change over time